The use of force may not occur as a result of individual initiative but must take place under a clear chain of responsible command, within the framework of respect for the rules of the law of armed conflict. But, contrary to civilians, they may not be subject to criminal prosecutions for their participation in hostilities as long as their use of force is in conformity with the provisions of the law of armed conflict, also named humanitarian law.
Conversely, they constitute legitimate military targets in times of armed conflict. Combatants are persons who are authorized to use force in situations of armed conflict by international humanitarian law.
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